Saturday, October 17, 2009
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7:04 AM
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Based internationally and guided on locally there have been 5 principles designed to which help to show how the physical environment either reduces or increases opportunities for crime. These principles are known as Surveillance and visibility, territoriality, access and escape routes, image and aesthetics and target hardening.
Surveillance and visibility is the area that can be visible and how much in can be surveyed by either the passive or active surveillance. Passive surveillance is the causal observance of the public or private areas during the course of everyday activities. Active surveillance is that of the law and police whose duty is to enforce the law. A good area of surveillance is if there is good lighting in that area and the manner in which roads and doorways are laid out can be an act of good surveillance. If we render good visibility in an area then we can get good surveillance.
Territoriality is a sense of ownership to ones property or area and people tend to identify with this space and it is legible to them. Certain places should be maintained accordingly by the owners to allow crime deterrence. Territoriality can be increased through defining public and private spaces by utilizing human space limiting unused space and maintaining areas and more.
Access and escape routes are very integral as most of the time an offender is able to plan there route of escape before they commit the criminal offense. Havens for offenders could be vacant lands, places where there is not much visibility, tracts of open land. The layout of transport routes and the different arrangement of space influence the escape routes of the offender. Clear signage and posting and visibility of buildings exit routes and streets can help a potential victim. The design of an area must be considered in order to curb easy access routes for criminals.
Image and aesthetics also play a role as if an image of a place is not attractive then there will not be much people there thus reducing surveillance and criminals could use this to there advantage. This could also be deemed “crime and grime.” These hotspots for crime could be deterred if we revamp these dilapidated places and manage them properly to create a more user friendly area that attracts people and does not become crime infested. Vacant land and buildings with litter and not maintained can contribute to decay. Designing this area to be more colorful, well lit and more formative in design can improve these spaces.
Target hardening is one of the most popular manners in preventing crime in South Africa. This reduces the vulnerability or attractiveness of an area by manipulating the building facades or walls. Target hardening is often the first form chosen by residents because it is immediate and protects them from opportunistic criminals. Burglar bars on windows, high fences, electric fences and locks on gates and doors are some forms of target hardening. Hardening can be ineffective if the visibility is disrupted and is an obstruction. Target hardening must be controlled and must be properly evaluated before put into action so that it does not clash with other principles.
Environmental has an underlying core that involves planning and design. Any intervention placed or designed for the environment can only be positive if the community works together to ensure it works and that they are in conjunction with these principles in order for it to be effective against crime.
Surveillance and visibility is the area that can be visible and how much in can be surveyed by either the passive or active surveillance. Passive surveillance is the causal observance of the public or private areas during the course of everyday activities. Active surveillance is that of the law and police whose duty is to enforce the law. A good area of surveillance is if there is good lighting in that area and the manner in which roads and doorways are laid out can be an act of good surveillance. If we render good visibility in an area then we can get good surveillance.
Territoriality is a sense of ownership to ones property or area and people tend to identify with this space and it is legible to them. Certain places should be maintained accordingly by the owners to allow crime deterrence. Territoriality can be increased through defining public and private spaces by utilizing human space limiting unused space and maintaining areas and more.
Access and escape routes are very integral as most of the time an offender is able to plan there route of escape before they commit the criminal offense. Havens for offenders could be vacant lands, places where there is not much visibility, tracts of open land. The layout of transport routes and the different arrangement of space influence the escape routes of the offender. Clear signage and posting and visibility of buildings exit routes and streets can help a potential victim. The design of an area must be considered in order to curb easy access routes for criminals.
Image and aesthetics also play a role as if an image of a place is not attractive then there will not be much people there thus reducing surveillance and criminals could use this to there advantage. This could also be deemed “crime and grime.” These hotspots for crime could be deterred if we revamp these dilapidated places and manage them properly to create a more user friendly area that attracts people and does not become crime infested. Vacant land and buildings with litter and not maintained can contribute to decay. Designing this area to be more colorful, well lit and more formative in design can improve these spaces.
Target hardening is one of the most popular manners in preventing crime in South Africa. This reduces the vulnerability or attractiveness of an area by manipulating the building facades or walls. Target hardening is often the first form chosen by residents because it is immediate and protects them from opportunistic criminals. Burglar bars on windows, high fences, electric fences and locks on gates and doors are some forms of target hardening. Hardening can be ineffective if the visibility is disrupted and is an obstruction. Target hardening must be controlled and must be properly evaluated before put into action so that it does not clash with other principles.
Environmental has an underlying core that involves planning and design. Any intervention placed or designed for the environment can only be positive if the community works together to ensure it works and that they are in conjunction with these principles in order for it to be effective against crime.
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GRESHEN
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